Barcelona 스페인 비자 가이드
스페인 이주를 위한 8가지 비자 및 거주 옵션을 비교하세요. 디지털 노마드 비자부터 EU 등록까지.
| 비자 유형 | 기간 | 처리 | 비용 | 소득 요건 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Digital Nomad Visa | 1 year, renewable to 3 | 20 working days | EUR 80 | 200% of Spanish minimum wage (~EUR 2,520/month) | 상세 |
| Non-Lucrative Visa | 1 year, renewable annually (then 2-year renewals) | 30-45 working days | EUR 80 | 400% of IPREM (~EUR 2,400/month, or ~EUR 28,800/year) | 상세 |
| Golden Visa (Investor Visa) | 2 years, renewable for 5-year periods | 20 working days | EUR 80 | No income requirement (investment-based) | 상세 |
| Student Visa | Duration of studies (up to 1 year, renewable) | 30-60 working days | EUR 60 | 100% of IPREM (~EUR 600/month living expenses proof) | 상세 |
| Work Visa (Cuenta Ajena) | 1 year, renewable (then 2-year renewals) | 45-90 working days | EUR 80 | Based on employment contract (minimum wage or above) | 상세 |
| Self-Employment Visa (Autonomo) | 1 year, renewable (then 2-year renewals) | 45-90 working days | EUR 80 | Viable business plan with sufficient projected income | 상세 |
| Family Reunification | Same as sponsoring family member's permit | 45-60 working days | EUR 80 | 150% of IPREM for first family member, +50% for each additional | 상세 |
| EU/EEA Registration | Permanent (certificate has no expiry) | Same day (in-person appointment) | EUR 12 | Proof of employment, self-employment, sufficient resources, or student status | 상세 |
Explore Each Visa
Digital Nomad Visa
Spain's visa for remote workers and digital nomads, introduced under the 2022 Startups Law. Allows non-EU nationals to live in Spain while working remotely for foreign employers or as freelancers serving international clients. One of Europe's most attractive digital nomad visas due to Beckham Law tax benefits.
EU/EEA Registration
Not a visa but a mandatory registration for EU/EEA/Swiss nationals planning to stay in Spain longer than 3 months. The process is straightforward - attend an appointment at the immigration office with proof of work, study, or sufficient resources. You receive the green NIE certificate card on the spot. This is the most common process for European nationals moving to Barcelona.
Family Reunification
Allows non-EU residents in Spain to bring their immediate family members. The sponsor must have had their residency renewed at least once and demonstrate adequate housing and financial means. Eligible family members include spouse/partner, children under 18, and dependent parents over 65.
Golden Visa (Investor Visa)
Spain's investor visa programme for non-EU nationals making significant financial investments. The most popular route is real estate investment of EUR 500,000 or more. Offers generous terms including no minimum stay requirement and family inclusion. Note: regulatory changes to the real estate route are under discussion as of 2025.
Non-Lucrative Visa
The classic residency visa for non-EU nationals who want to live in Spain without working. Popular with retirees, people living off investments or savings, and those planning to later convert to a work permit. Requires proof of sufficient passive income or savings.
Self-Employment Visa (Autonomo)
For non-EU nationals wanting to start a business or work as self-employed (autonomo) in Spain. Requires a detailed business plan showing the venture will create jobs or benefit the Spanish economy. New autonomos benefit from the 'tarifa plana' - a reduced social security rate of EUR 80/month for the first 12 months.
Student Visa
For non-EU nationals enrolled in accredited educational programmes in Spain, including university degrees, masters, language courses longer than 6 months, and research programmes. Allows limited part-time work and can serve as a stepping stone to longer-term residency.
Work Visa (Cuenta Ajena)
The standard employment-based residency permit for non-EU nationals with a job offer from a Spanish company. The employer must demonstrate that the position cannot be filled locally (labor market test). Some professions on the shortage list are exempt from this test. Initial permits are for one year, with subsequent renewals for two-year periods.